1. Developing and maintaining websites and applications 2. Integrating databases and server-side logic 3. Building back-end architectures 4. Troubleshooting and debugging applications 5. Optimizing applications for better performance 6. Building reusable code and libraries for future use 7. Creating database schemas to represent and support business processes 8. Writing clean and optimized code as required 9. Deploying applications on web servers and cloud services